4 CONTRIBUTIONS – 4.1 SPAIN

Spain’s economic performance in 2023 closely followed the trend of the strongest countries in the European Union (EU), and faced the same challenges as the other Member States. Following growth in the first half of 2023, the pace slowed down in the last two quarters, after which the consumer price index (CPI) closed with a value of 3.1% and a gross domestic product (GDP) with a value of 2.5%. Both values were above those of the euro zone.